Pipes/Tubes

Soil Sea is the Supplier of a wide range of seamless and welded pipes in all grades - carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, duplex, super duplex and higher alloys in sizes from 1/8’’ to 120” NPS.

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What is a Pipe?

Pipe is a hollow tube with round cross section for the conveyance of products. The products include fluids, gas, pellets, powders and more. The word pipe is used as distinguished from tube to apply to tubular products of dimensions commonly used for pipeline and piping systems. On this website, pipes conforming to the dimensional requirements of: ASME B36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe and ASME B36.19 Stainless Steel Pipe will be discussed.

Pipe or Tube?

In the world of piping, the terms pipe and tube will be used. Pipe is customarily identified by "Nominal Pipe Size" (NPS), with wall thickness defined by "Schedule number" (SCH). Tube is customarily specified by its outside diameter (O.D.) and wall thickness (WT), expressed either in Birmingham wire gage (BWG) or in thousandths of an inch. Pipe: NPS 1/2-SCH 40 is even to outside diameter 21,3 mm with a wall thickness of 2,77 mm. Tube: 1/2" x 1,5 is even to outside diameter 12,7 mm with a wall thickness of 1,5 mm. The principal uses for tube are in Heat Exchangers, instrument lines and small interconnections on equipment such as compressors, boilers etc..

Materials for Pipe

Engineering companies have materials engineers to determine materials to be used in piping systems. Most pipe is of carbon steel (depending on service) is manufactured to different ASTM standards. Carbon-steel pipe is strong, ductile, weldable, machinable, reasonably, durable and is nearly always cheaper than pipe made from other materials. If carbon-steel pipe can meet the requirements of pressure, temperature, corrosion resistance and hygiene, it is the natural choice. Iron pipe is made from cast-iron and ductile-iron. The principal uses are for water, gas and sewage lines. Plastic pipe may be used to convey actively corrosive fluids, and is especially useful for handling corrosive or hazardous gases and dilute mineral acids. Other Metals and Alloys pipe made from copper, lead, nickel, brass, aluminium and various stainless steels can be readily obtained. These materials are relatively expensive and are selected usually either because of their particular corrosion resistance to the process chemical, their good Heat Transfer, or for their tensile strength at high temperatures. Copper and copper alloys are traditional for instrument lines, food processing and Heat Transfer equipment. Stainless steels are increasingly being used for these.

Lined Pipe

Some materials described above, have been combined to form lined pipe systems. For example, a carbon steel pipe can be internally lined with material able to withstand chemical attack permits its use to carry corrosive fluids. Linings (Teflon®, for example) can be applied after fabricating the piping, so it is possible to fabricate whole pipe spools before lining. Other internal layers can be: glass, various plastics, concrete etc., also coatings, like Epoxy, Bituminous Asphalt, Zink etc. can help to protect the inner pipe. Many things are important in determining the right material. The most important of these are pressure, temperature, product type, dimensions, costs etc..


Pipes Lengths

Types, Lengths and Ends of Pipes

Pipe manufacturing refers to how the individual pieces of pipe are made in a pipe mill; it does not refer to how the pieces are connected in the field to form a continuous pipeline. Each piece of pipe produced by a pipe mill is called a joint or a length (regardless of its measured length). In some cases, pipe is shipped to the pipeline construction site as "double joints", where two pieces of pipe are pre-welded together to save time. Most of the pipe used for oil and gas pipelines is seamless or longitudinally welded, although spirally welded pipe is common for larger diameters.

Steel Pipes are manufactured in 4 versions

1. Longitudinally Welded SAW
2. Spiral Welded
3. Electric Resistance Welded (ERW)
4. Seamless

Welded Pipe

Welded pipe (pipe manufactured with a weld) is a tubular product made out of flat plates, known as skelp, that are formed, bent and prepared for welding. The most popular process for large diameter pipe uses a longitudinal seam weld. Spiral welded pipe is an alternative process, spiral weld construction allows large diameter pipe to be produced from narrower plates or skelp. The defects that occur in spiral welded pipe are mainly those associated with the SAW weld, and are similar in nature to those for longitudinally welded SAW pipe. Electric Resistance Welded (ERW) and High Frequency Induction (HFI) Welded Pipe, originally this type of pipe, which contains a solid phase butt weld, was produced using resistance heating to make the longitudinal weld (ERW). But most pipe mills now use high frequency induction heating (HFI) for better control and consistency. However, the product is still often referred to as ERW pipe, even though the weld may have been produced by the HFI process.

Seamless and Welded Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel and Stainless Steel with ranges from 1/4”- 24” to 2”- 80”

Dimensions of Steel Pipes ASME B36.10 and B36.19 suffix (S)

NPS 1/2 3/4 1 2
OD 21.3 26.7 33.4 42.2 48.3 60.3
  Wall Thickness          
Sch 5 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65
Sch 5S 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65
Sch 10 2.11 2.11 2.77 2.77 2.77 2.77
Sch 10S 2.11 2.11 2.77 2.77 2.77 2.77
Sch 20 - ... - ... - ...
Sch 30 2.41 2.41 2.90 2.97 3.18 3.18
STD 2.77 2.87 3.38 3.56 3.68 3.91
Sch 40 2.77 2.87 3.38 3.56 3.68 3.91
Sch 40S 2.77 2.87 3.38 3.56 3.68 3.91
Sch 60 - ... - ... - ...
XS 3.73 3.91 4.55 4.85 5.08 5.54
Sch 80 3.73 3.91 4.55 4.85 5.08 5.54
Sch 80S 3.73 3.91 4.55 4.85 5.08 5.54
Sch 100 - ... - ... - ...
Sch 120 - ... - ... - ...
Sch 140 - ... - ... - ...
XXS 7.47 7.82 9.09 9.70 10.15 11.07
Sch 160 4.78 5.56 6.35 6.35 7.14 8.74

NPS = Nominal Pipe Size   O.D. = Outside Diameter
Dimensions are in millimeters unless otherwise indicated.

Dimensional Tolerances for Seamless and Welded Pipes ASTM A530

Nominal pipe size

up to 4 = ± 0.79 mm | 5 thru 8 = + 1.58 mm / - 0.79 mm

10 thru 18 = + 2.37 mm / - 0.79 mm | 20 thru 24 = + 3.18 mm / - 0.79 mm

Wall Thickness

All Diameters = - 12.5%

+ tolerance not specified

Length

+ 6.40 mm / - 0 mm

Weight

Weight = + 10% / - 1.5%

Dimensions and Dimensional Tolerances

Units of Measure
American pipe standards use imperial and metric (SI) units for measurement. It is important not to combine the use of these units since rounding of dimensions has resulted in an incompatibility between some values.

Dimensions
Standard dimensions for welded and seamless wrought steel pipe for high or low temperatures and pressures are described in ASME B36.10. Standard dimensions for welded and seamless wrought stainless steel pipe are described in ASME B36.19. The suffix "S" in the Schedule Number is used to differentiate B36.19 pipe from B36.10 pipe. ASME B36.10 includes other pipe thicknesses which are also commercially available with stainless steel material.

Dimensional tolerances
The basic permissible variations, including pipe length and straightness requirements, are defined in ASTM A530, this standard being referenced by all ASTM pipe standards.

NPS 3 4 5
OD 73 88.9 101.6 114.3 141.3
  Wall Thickness
Sch 5 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.77
Sch 5S 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.77
Sch 10 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.40
Sch 10S 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.40
Sch 20   ...     ...
Sch 30 4.78 4.78 4.78 4.78 ...
STD 5.16 5.49 5.74 6.02 6.55
Sch 40 5.16 5.49 5.74 6.02 6.55
Sch 40S 5.16 5.49 5.74 6.02 6.55
Sch 60   ...     ...
XS 7.01 7.62 8.08 8.56 9.53
Sch 80 7.01 7.62 8.08 8.56 9.53
Sch 80S 7.01 7.62 8.08 8.56 9.53
Sch 100   ...     ...
Sch 120   ...   11.13 12.7
Sch 140   ...     ...
XXS 14.02 15.24   17.12 19.05
Sch 160 9.53 11.13   13.49 15.88

NPS = Nominal Pipe Size   O.D. = Outside Diameter
Dimensions are in millimeters unless otherwise indicated.

Dimensional Tolerances for Seamless and Welded Pipes ASTM A530

Nominal pipe size

up to 4 = ± 0.79 mm | 5 thru 8 = + 1.58 mm / - 0.79 mm

10 thru 18 = + 2.37 mm / - 0.79 mm | 20 thru 24 = + 3.18 mm / - 0.79 mm

Wall Thickness

All Diameters = - 12.5%

+ tolerance not specified

Length

+ 6.40 mm / - 0 mm

Weight

Weight = + 10% / - 1.5%

Dimensions and Dimensional Tolerances

Units of Measure
American pipe standards use imperial and metric (SI) units for measurement. It is important not to combine the use of these units since rounding of dimensions has resulted in an incompatibility between some values.

Dimensions
Standard dimensions for welded and seamless wrought steel pipe for high or low temperatures and pressures are described in ASME B36.10. Standard dimensions for welded and seamless wrought stainless steel pipe are described in ASME B36.19. The suffix "S" in the Schedule Number is used to differentiate B36.19 pipe from B36.10 pipe. ASME B36.10 includes other pipe thicknesses which are also commercially available with stainless steel material.

Dimensional tolerances
The basic permissible variations, including pipe length and straightness requirements, are defined in ASTM A530, this standard being referenced by all ASTM pipe standards.

NPS 6 8 10 12 14
OD 168.3 219 273 323.9 355.6
  Wall Thickness
Sch 5 2.77 2.77 3.40 3.96 3.96
Sch 5S 2.77 2.77 3.40 3.96 3.96
Sch 10 3.40 3.76 4.19 4.57 6.35
Sch 10S 3.40 3.76 4.19 4.57 4.78
Sch 20   6.35 6.35 6.35 7.92
Sch 30   7.04 7.80 8.38 9.53
STD 7.11 8.18 9.27 9.53 9.53
Sch 40 7.11 8.18 9.27 10.31 11.13
Sch 40S 7.11 8.18 9.27 9.53 9.53
Sch 60   10.31 12.70 14.27 15.06
XS 10.97 12.70 12.70 12.70 12.70
Sch 80 10.97 12.70 15.09 17.48 19.05
Sch 80S 10.97 12.70 12.70 12.70 12.70
Sch 100   15.09 18.26 21.44 23.83
Sch 120 14.27 18.26 21.44 25.40 27.79
Sch 140   20.62 25.40 28.58 31.75
XXS 21.95 22.23 25.40 25.40  
Sch 160 18.26 23.01 28.58 33.32 35.71

NPS = Nominal Pipe Size   O.D. = Outside Diameter
Dimensions are in millimeters unless otherwise indicated.

Dimensional Tolerances for Seamless and Welded Pipes ASTM A530

Nominal pipe size

up to 4 = ± 0.79 mm | 5 thru 8 = + 1.58 mm / - 0.79 mm

10 thru 18 = + 2.37 mm / - 0.79 mm | 20 thru 24 = + 3.18 mm / - 0.79 mm

Wall Thickness

All Diameters = - 12.5%

+ tolerance not specified

Length

+ 6.40 mm / - 0 mm

Weight

Weight = + 10% / - 1.5%

Dimensions and Dimensional Tolerances

Units of Measure
American pipe standards use imperial and metric (SI) units for measurement. It is important not to combine the use of these units since rounding of dimensions has resulted in an incompatibility between some values.

Dimensions
Standard dimensions for welded and seamless wrought steel pipe for high or low temperatures and pressures are described in ASME B36.10. Standard dimensions for welded and seamless wrought stainless steel pipe are described in ASME B36.19. The suffix "S" in the Schedule Number is used to differentiate B36.19 pipe from B36.10 pipe. ASME B36.10 includes other pipe thicknesses which are also commercially available with stainless steel material.

Dimensional tolerances
The basic permissible variations, including pipe length and straightness requirements, are defined in ASTM A530, this standard being referenced by all ASTM pipe standards.

NPS 16 18 20 22 24
OD 406.04 457.2 508 558.8 609.6
  Wall Thickness
Sch 5 4.19 4.19 4.78 4.78 5.54
Sch 5S 4.19 4.19 4.78 4.78 5.54
Sch 10 6.35 6.35 6.35 6.35 6.35
Sch 10S 4.78 4.78 5.54 5.54 6.35
Sch 20 7.92 7.92 9.53 9.53 9.53
Sch 30 9.53 11.13 12.70 12.70 14.27
STD 9.53 9.53 9.53 9.53 9.53
Sch 40 12.70 14.27 15.09 ... 17.48
Sch 40S 9.53 9.53 9.53 ... 9.53
Sch 60 16.66 19.05 20.62 22.23 24.61
XS 12.70 12.70 12.70 12.70 12.70
Sch 80 21.44 23.83 26.19 28.58 30.96
Sch 80S 12.70 12.70 12.70 ... 12.70
Sch 100 26.19 29.36 32.54 34.93 38.89
Sch 120 30.96 34.93 38.10 41.28 46.02
Sch 140 36.53 39.67 44.45 47.63 52.37
XXS   ...   ...  
Sch 160 40.49 45.24 50.01 53.98 59.54

NPS = Nominal Pipe Size   O.D. = Outside Diameter
Dimensions are in millimeters unless otherwise indicated.

Dimensional Tolerances for Seamless and Welded Pipes ASTM A530

Nominal pipe size

up to 4 = ± 0.79 mm | 5 thru 8 = + 1.58 mm / - 0.79 mm

10 thru 18 = + 2.37 mm / - 0.79 mm | 20 thru 24 = + 3.18 mm / - 0.79 mm

Wall Thickness

All Diameters = - 12.5%

+ tolerance not specified

Length

+ 6.40 mm / - 0 mm

Weight

Weight = + 10% / - 1.5%

Dimensions and Dimensional Tolerances

Units of Measure
American pipe standards use imperial and metric (SI) units for measurement. It is important not to combine the use of these units since rounding of dimensions has resulted in an incompatibility between some values.

Dimensions
Standard dimensions for welded and seamless wrought steel pipe for high or low temperatures and pressures are described in ASME B36.10. Standard dimensions for welded and seamless wrought stainless steel pipe are described in ASME B36.19. The suffix "S" in the Schedule Number is used to differentiate B36.19 pipe from B36.10 pipe. ASME B36.10 includes other pipe thicknesses which are also commercially available with stainless steel material.

Dimensional tolerances
The basic permissible variations, including pipe length and straightness requirements, are defined in ASTM A530, this standard being referenced by all ASTM pipe standards.

26 - 48 Wall Thickness and Weight
NPS OD   5 5S 10
26 660 wt
kg/m
    7.92
127.36
28 711 wt
kg/m
    7.92
137.32
30 762 wt
kg/m
6.35
118.34
6.35
118.31
7.92
147.29
32 813 wt
kg/m
    7.92
157.25
34 864 wt
kg/m
    7.92
167.21
36 914 wt
kg/m
    7.92
176.97
38 965 wt
kg/m
     
40 1016 wt
kg/m
     
42 1067 wt
kg/m
     
44 1118 wt
kg/m
     
46 1168 wt
kg/m
     
48 1219 wt
kg/m
     
26 - 48 Wall Thickness and Weight
NPS OD   10S 20 30
26 660 wt
kg/m
  12.70
202.74
 
28 711 wt
kg/m
  12.70
218.71
15.88
272.23
30 762 wt
kg/m
7.92
132.91
12.70
234.68
15.88
292.20
32 813 wt
kg/m
  12.70
250.65
15.88
312.17
34 864 wt
kg/m
  12.70
266.63
15.88
332.14
36 914 wt
kg/m
  12.70
282.29
15.88
351.73
38 965 wt
kg/m
     
40 1016 wt
kg/m
     
42 1067 wt
kg/m
     
44 1118 wt
kg/m
     
46 1168 wt
kg/m
     
48 1219 wt
kg/m
     
26 - 48 Wall Thickness and Weight
NPS OD   STD 40 XS
26 660 wt
kg/m
9.53
152.88
  12.70
202.74
28 711 wt
kg/m
9.53
164.86
  12.70
218.71
30 762 wt
kg/m
9.53
176.85
  12.70
234.68
32 813 wt
kg/m
9.53
188.83
17.48
342.94
12.70
250.65
34 864 wt
kg/m
9.53
200.82
17.48
364.92
12.70
266.63
36 914 wt
kg/m
9.53
212.57
19.05
420.45
12.70
282.29
38 965 wt
kg/m
9.53
224.56
  12.70
298.26
40 1016 wt
kg/m
9.53
236.54
  12.70
314.23
42 1067 wt
kg/m
9.53
248.53
  12.70
330.21
44 1118 wt
kg/m
9.53
260.52
  12.70
346.18
46 1168 wt
kg/m
9.53
272.70
  12.70
361.84
48 1219 wt
kg/m
9.53
284.25
  12.70
377.81
  • NPS = Nominal Pipe Size
  • O.D. = Outside Diameter
  • WT = Walltickness
  • KG/M = Kilogram per meter
  • Dimensions are in millimeters unless otherwise indicated
  • Weights are in kilograms p/meter and approximately given
  • Dimensions and Dimensional Tolerances

    Units of Measure
    American pipe standards use imperial and metric (SI) units for measurement. It is important not to combine the use of these units since rounding of dimensions has resulted in an incompatibility between some values.

    Dimensions
    Standard dimensions for welded and seamless wrought steel pipe for high or low temperatures and pressures are described in ASME B36.10. Standard dimensions for welded and seamless wrought stainless steel pipe are described in ASME B36.19. The suffix "S" in the Schedule Number is used to differentiate B36.19 pipe from B36.10 pipe. ASME B36.10 includes other pipe thicknesses which are also commercially available with stainless steel material.

    Dimensional tolerances
    The basic permissible variations, including pipe length and straightness requirements, are defined in ASTM A530, this standard being referenced by all ASTM pipe standards.